@article{Siyambango_Enkono_2022, title={The Role of local communities in resource management: A case of Okongo Community Forest and Conservancy, Namibia}, volume={11}, url={https://journals.unam.edu.na/index.php/JSHSS/article/view/1774}, abstractNote={<p><span id="page397R_mcid4722" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*151.10px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.948471);" role="presentation">This paper presents the role of communities in resource management, with particular </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4723" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*165.50px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.978057);" role="presentation">focus on the Okongo Community Forest and Conservancy. The study is part of the </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4724" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*179.90px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.965632);" role="presentation">main research work that examined perspectives on community-based management </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4725" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*194.30px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.948949);" role="presentation">practices, including the conservation area boundaries, but most importantly, the roles </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4726" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*208.70px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.992595);" role="presentation">and responsibilities of various actors within the conservation area. The study was </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4727" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*223.10px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.936015);" role="presentation">conducted to understand the state of community-based natural resource management </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4728" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*237.50px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.958962);" role="presentation">(CBNRM) in the Okongo Community Forestry and Conservancy. It also explored the </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4729" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*251.90px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.933247);" role="presentation">relationship between government functionaries and the local resource committees that </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4730" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*266.30px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.940072);" role="presentation">are in existence as critical complementary proponents in the realisation of sustainable </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4731" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*280.70px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.954089);" role="presentation">natural resource management. The study used a mixed research design, comprising </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4732" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*295.10px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.978888);" role="presentation">qualitative and quantitative methods, and with this design, data collection methods </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4733" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*309.50px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.967065);" role="presentation">included interviews and focus group discussions in four communities in the Okongo </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4734" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*323.90px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930148);" role="presentation">Community Forest and Conservancy, namely: Omauni East, Omauni West, Oshalande</span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4735" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*338.30px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.947033);" role="presentation">and Kumininenge. A purposive sampling method was employed to select participants </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4736" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*352.70px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.970657);" role="presentation">for the study. The study revealed that the management of resources such as water, </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4737" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*367.10px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.971511);" role="presentation">wildlife, grazing areas and forestry was possible through management committees. </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4738" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*381.50px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.940168);" role="presentation">Most of the committees were established with the aid of the government. The majority </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4739" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*395.90px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.00346);" role="presentation">of respondents observed positive relationships between the government and the</span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4740" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*410.30px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.94854);" role="presentation">committees; only few did not. Membership on such committees can be attributed to a </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4741" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*424.70px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.915947);" role="presentation">strong interest in the management of resources, although some members are elected to </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4742" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*439.10px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.918538);" role="presentation">serve in leadership positions irrespective of their commitment to resource management. </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4743" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*453.50px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.908569);" role="presentation">Sadly, there are conflicts around the management of resources. However, these conflicts </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4744" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*467.90px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.94149);" role="presentation">are either resolved strategically through community meetings or are directly dealt with </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4745" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*482.30px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.941534);" role="presentation">by the committees. Overall, community participation has greatly improved access and </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4746" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*496.70px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.906834);" role="presentation">the integrity of natural resources by ensuring equal distribution of resources and services </span></span><span id="page397R_mcid4747" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: calc(var(--scale-factor)*36.00px); top: calc(var(--scale-factor)*511.10px); font-size: calc(var(--scale-factor)*12.00px); font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930507);" role="presentation">within the conservation area.</span></span></p>}, number={1&2}, journal={Journal for Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences}, author={Siyambango, Nguza and Enkono, Angula N.}, year={2022}, month={Dec.}, pages={136–160} }